Improvement in student-lamps



UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE.

JOHN KIRBY, JR., OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO POST & CO.

v g IMPRCVEM ENT IN STUDENT-LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o`. 190,049, dated April 24, 1877; application iiled March 2, 1877. i

To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, JOHN KIRBY, Jr., of Cincinnati, Hamilton county, State of Ohio,

-have invented an Improvement in Student- Lamps, of which the following is a specification This invention relates, principally, to improvements on the lampknown as the German Student-Lamp.7 Partshowever, of the invention may be used in connection with other styles of lamps.

In constructing heretofore, the outer cylinder or oil-fount, which contains the reservoir, has been made straight and of uniform size from top to bottom, and in removing or replacing the reservoir it frequently happens that oil which accumulates at the lower edge of said reservoir drops on surrounding objects in the act of turning over the reservoir eitherin removing or replacing it. To remedy this difliculty I make the cylinder with a flange-shaped piece of metal extending upward and outward, so as to form a receptacle for oil, which may, by accident or otherwise, ilow or drop over the sides of the cylinder,

@and this constitutes the first part of my iuvention. vIn this instance the 'ange is placed at the top; but it may be arranged at any desired point below the top, and may be made of a separate piece of metal or formed on the cylinder itself.

My invention consists, in the second part, in a peculiar construction of the lamp at the crossing of the fluid-tube with the slide-tube.

My invention consists, in the third part, in connection with the feed-tube and wick-tube, of a collar for the reception and security of the same in a substantial and durable man-v ner.

My invention consists, in the fourth part, in the provision `of a drip-tube leading from the upper drip-receptacle tothe feed-tube or lower drip-cup.

My invention consists, in the fifth part, in constructing the interior draft-tube-with an enlargement at the upper end, to cause an expansion" of the air before it reaches the ame.

My invention consists, in the sixth part, in a certain combination of drip interior draft,

and wick-supporting tube with connecting parts, by which the rotation of the drip-cup is caused to raise and lower the wick.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical section of my improved lamp. Figs. 2 to 1l are detail views of different parts of the lamp, Fig. 5 showing a modified form of the draft-tube. Fig. 7 is a plan of the said ange.

In the drawing, A is a cylinder, with a receptacle, a, at its lower end, and having an enlarged or liaring top, a. B is a reservoir, provided with a valve, C, in the usual manner, and resting on top of the cylinder A. To this valve I attach a spring, D, which may be made in any of the known ways, aspiral spring beingthe most practical, and I have shown it of that description.

Eis the wire, to which the valve C is attached, one end of which rests on the bottom of the cylinder, and the other is guided in the arm orl cross-bar e, which forms a rest for the spring. The spring being light, it yields to the weight of the reservoir when in position, and the valve rises the same as in other lamps; but when the reservoir, after filling,

is being turned over into the cylinder, the

valve closes and prevents dripping.

F is a small tube leading from .the bottom of B to a suitable distance below, to supply air to the reservoir B in small quantities, so as to cause as little bubble or motion to the oil as possible, that the iiame may not be affected thereby. G is aprojection ofthe reservolr B, and it extends below the orifice for the valve E to any desired point below the end o f the air-tube F. By this device the oil rises 1n the cylinder A above the lower end of the projection Gr, which shuts off the air through G from the reservoir B, and the reservoir B can then only receive air through the tube F in small quantities as the oil burns away from its opening, and the air-bubblais therefore much smaller than it otherwise would be.

The receptacle a may be made of any suitable material, and connected to the cylinder in any preferred way; or it may form a part of said cylinder by making the whole in one piece. H is an ornamental disk connected to the other, as shown at 4, Fig. 6.

the cylinder A, and held in position by a casting or other ornament, h, which passes thro ugh said disk, and is soldered to it and the receptacle a. J is a tube leading from the cylinder A to the burner to supply oil to the wick. This tube is, as usual, connected with a globe or ball, K, and a sliding tube, L, with an enlarged solid base, l, and set-screw Z1, to tighten the standard M. To simplify the construction of this combination, and thereby lessen its cost, I have invented a new and quick waj' of forming the intersection of the tubes J and L, and the ball K, as follows: The tube J may be made straight, as shown in the drawing, or it may be bent to any shape outside of the ball. I make a hole through the tube J, through which is passed the sliding tube L, which is smaller than J, so as to leave a passage, Z2, on each side of tube L, Figs. l, 6, and 9. I then solder the joints, and place the sheet-metal ball K, or other ornament formed in two sections divided hori zontally, as shown, over or around the joints,

and connect them by forming one dye over By this plan I avoid the expensive device of a cast-metal globe, andavoid the usual method of bending the tube J around one side ot' the tube L. O

is a collar, which may be cast or formed of sheet metal. Said collar encircles the burnertube, and is provided with a projecting lug, 5, which enters the tube J; or the said projection may be made large enough for the tube J to pass into it. By this device the joint at the intersection of the tube J and the burnertube is made much stronger and less liable to leakage than by the old method of soldering the end of the tube J to the burner-tube without other support. The collar Orhas a hole, c, through which the oil passes to the burner through a corresponding hole in the tube P. This part of the invention will be best understood by reference to Figs. 2 and 4 of the drawings. In my lamp I also make a burnerregulating device, differing materially from those used in other lamps. I regulate the wick by turning the flange V at the lower end of the burner, which is a more convenient and durable mode than by regulating it by the chimney or shade holder. P is the outside burner or wick tube. S is a screw-tube, connected to P at the lower end by'ange s. B is another tube, which iits the outside of tube S, and has a slot, i, extending from the top longitudinally nearly its whole length, as shown in Fig. 8. T is another tube that tits the inside oi' the screw-tube S, and forms the interior draft-tube of the burner, and it is connected at or near its upper end to the slotted tube R, as shown.

It is advisable that this tube should be enlarged at or near the top to allow the air to expand before reaching the iiame, and this I do by iaring it, as seen in Fig. l, or by making it shorter, and connecting it to the slotted tube B, at or near the upper end of the screwtube S, as shown in Fig. 5, and the lresult is the same as when the inside tube T is made flaring at the top. By allowing the air to expandbefore reaching the flame the light is made clearer and the llame larger.

The slot-ted tube R extends ffrom the upper end to the bottom s, Fig. 1, ofthe burner, and the tube T extends below the burner alittle. At or near the lower end of T I attach a flange, V, which, when turned with' the fingers, rotates the tubes S and T. The wick-sleeve U, Fig. 1, is provided With a pin, 8, and said pin passes through the slot fi into the screw-thread of the tube S, and is adjusted vertically by the rotation of the tubes T and S, caused by turning the flange V. To this iiange V I attach a drip-cup, W, by means of the screwthreads d and Y.

The drip-cup may be made in the usual way, or with its top X attached below its upper edge, asv shown in the drawing. N is a small tube leading from the base or receptacle L ot' the burner to the drip-cup or said tube may lead only into the feed-tube J. The object of this tube is to carry oft' all overiiow o't'oil from the burner. In the former instance, the dripping oil is carried down and through the tube J or collar O to the drip-cup W, and in the latter instance it is carried back into the burner. I consider the latter preferable to the former, but, to better protect my invention, have described both ways.

A raised vertical groove may be made in the tube P, leading from the receptacle h to the hole o, and having an opening at each end as a substitute, in place of-the tube, if preferable, the spring-tongues j extending upward from the adjustable cap g to support the chimney and q represents sections of wires extending upward and outward, to carry and support the shade, all of which forms no part of my invention.

IHaving thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. A reservoir or cylinder, A, having a ilaring flange, a', to receive any oil that may escape from the reservoir B while being removed or placed in position', substantially as specified.

2. The combination of feed-tube J and smaller slidetube L, united at the intersection, and covered by globe or ornament K, substantially as and for the purpose speciiied.

3. The collar O 5 o, in combination with the burner-tube P and feed-tube J, substantially as before set forth.

4. The drip-.tube N, leading from the receptacle la to the aperture c, or through said aperture to the drip-cup W, substantially as described.

5. An interior draft-tube, T, constructed admit of the expansion of the air before it 8, substantially as and for the purpose specireaehes the ame, said enlarged upper end ed.

being wholly Within and surrounded by the In testimony of which invention I hereunto Wick-tube, substantially as and for the purset my hand.

pose set forth. JOHN KIRBY, JR.

6. The wick-adjusting ange V, in eombivWitnesses:

nation with the interior draft-tube T, serew- E. V. CHERRY,

tube S, slotted tube R i, and wick-sleeve U GRAS. ANDERSON. 

